Are dogs’ mouths clean? This is a question that has been debated for years. Some people believe that a dog’s mouth is cleaner than a human’s, while others think it’s a breeding ground for germs and bacteria. The truth is, a dog’s mouth is not as clean as you might think, but it’s also not as dirty as some people believe. In this article, we’ll explore the myths and facts surrounding a dog’s oral hygiene, and provide you with the information you need to make an informed decision about whether you should let your furry friend lick your face or not. Are dogs’ mouths clean? Let’s find out.
Are Dogs’ Mouths Clean? 5 Tips
Myth vs Reality
One of the most common myths is that a dog’s mouth is cleaner than a human’s. This myth stems from the belief that dogs have an enzyme in their saliva called lysozyme, which has antibacterial properties. While lysozyme is present in a dog’s saliva, it’s not powerful enough to kill all the bacteria in a dog’s mouth. In reality, a dog’s mouth harbors a different type of oral bacteria than humans, which is generally less harmful to humans.
Types of Bacteria in a Dog’s Mouth
The most common types of bacteria found in a dog’s mouth are:
- Streptococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Pasteurella
- Neisseria
- Corynebacterium
While some of these bacteria can cause infections in humans, they are generally not as harmful as the bacteria found in a human’s mouth.
Factors Affecting a Dog’s Oral Hygiene
Several factors can influence the cleanliness of a dog’s mouth, including:
Diet
Dogs that eat a diet rich in raw meat and bones tend to have cleaner mouths than those fed only commercial kibble.
Chewing Habits
Dogs that chew on bones, rawhides, and other hard objects tend to have cleaner mouths because these objects help scrape off plaque and tartar.
Genetics
Some breeds, such as brachycephalic breeds (those with short snouts), are more prone to dental problems and may have dirtier mouths as a result.
Age
Older dogs tend to have more dental problems and dirtier mouths than younger dogs.
Risks of Letting a Dog Lick Your Face
While a dog’s mouth may not be as dirty as some people think, there are still risks associated with letting a dog lick your face or open wounds, including:
Zoonotic Diseases
The potential for contracting zoonotic diseases, such as pasteurellosis, capnocytophaga infection, and salmonellosis.
Wound Infections
The potential for developing a wound infection due to the bacteria present in a dog’s saliva.
Allergic Reactions
Some people may be allergic to certain proteins found in a dog’s saliva, leading to allergic reactions.
The Myth of a Dog’s Clean Mouth
One of the most common myths is that a dog’s mouth is cleaner than a human’s. This myth stems from the belief that dogs have an enzyme in their saliva called lysozyme, which has antibacterial properties. While it’s true that lysozyme is present in a dog’s saliva, it’s not powerful enough to kill all the bacteria in a dog’s mouth.
The Role of Lysozyme
Lysozyme is an enzyme that helps break down the cell walls of certain types of bacteria, making them more susceptible to destruction by other enzymes and immune system components. While it does have some antibacterial properties, it’s not strong enough to completely sterilize a dog’s mouth. In fact, a study published in the Journal of Veterinary Dentistry found that the levels of lysozyme in a dog’s saliva are not significantly higher than those found in human saliva.
The Reality of a Dog’s Oral Hygiene
While a dog’s mouth may not be as clean as the myth suggests, it’s also not as dirty as some people think. Dogs have a different type of oral bacteria than humans, which is generally less harmful to humans.
Types of Bacteria in a Dog’s Mouth
The most common types of bacteria found in a dog’s mouth are:
- Streptococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Pasteurella
- Neisseria
- Corynebacterium
While some of these bacteria can cause infections in humans, they are generally not as harmful as the bacteria found in a human’s mouth.
Factors That Affect a Dog’s Oral Hygiene
Several factors can influence the cleanliness of a dog’s mouth, including:
- Diet: Dogs that eat a diet rich in raw meat and bones tend to have cleaner mouths than those fed only commercial kibble.
- Chewing habits: Dogs that chew on bones, rawhides, and other hard objects tend to have cleaner mouths because these objects help scrape off plaque and tartar.
- Genetics: Some breeds, such as brachycephalic breeds (those with short snouts), are more prone to dental problems and may have dirtier mouths as a result.
- Age: Older dogs tend to have more dental problems and dirtier mouths than younger dogs.
To support these claims, here’s a table comparing the levels of bacteria in a dog’s mouth and a human’s mouth:
| Bacteria | Dog’s Mouth (CFU/mL) | Human’s Mouth (CFU/mL) |
| Streptococcus | 10^5 – 10^7 | 10^7 – 10^9 |
| Staphylococcus | 10^3 – 10^5 | 10^3 – 10^5 |
| Pasteurella | 10^3 – 10^5 | Rare |
| Neisseria | 10^3 – 10^5 | 10^5 – 10^7 |
| Corynebacterium | 10^3 – 10^5 | 10^3 – 10^5 |
CFU/mL stands for colony-forming units per milliliter, which is a measure of the number of viable bacterial cells present in a sample. As you can see from the table, while the levels of bacteria in a dog’s mouth are generally lower than those in a human’s mouth, they are still present in significant numbers.
The Risks of Letting a Dog Lick Your Face
While a dog’s mouth may not be as dirty as some people think, there are still risks associated with letting a dog lick your face or open wounds.
Zoonotic Diseases
One of the biggest risks of allowing a dog to lick your face is the potential for contracting zoonotic diseases, which are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Some of the most common zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted through a dog’s saliva include:
- Pasteurellosis: This is an infection caused by the Pasteurella bacteria, which can cause skin infections, respiratory infections, and even meningitis in humans.
- Capnocytophaga infection: This is a rare but serious infection caused by the Capnocytophaga bacteria, which can lead to sepsis, organ failure, and even death in severe cases.
- Salmonellosis: While salmonella infections are more commonly associated with contaminated food, they can also be transmitted through a dog’s saliva.
Wound Infections
Another risk of letting a dog lick your face or open wounds is the potential for developing a wound infection. While a dog’s mouth may not be as dirty as some people think, it still contains bacteria that can cause infections if they enter an open wound.
Allergic Reactions
Some people may also be allergic to certain proteins found in a dog’s saliva, which can lead to allergic reactions such as rashes, hives, or even anaphylaxis in severe cases.
Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Hygiene in Dogs
While a dog’s mouth may not be as clean as the myth suggests, there are steps you can take to help maintain good oral hygiene in your furry friend.
Regular Dental Cleanings
Just like humans, dogs benefit from regular dental cleanings by a veterinarian. During these cleanings, the vet will use special tools to remove plaque and tartar from your dog’s teeth, which can help prevent dental problems and reduce the risk of bacteria buildup.
Brushing Your Dog’s Teeth
You can also help maintain your dog’s oral hygiene by brushing their teeth regularly. Look for a dog-specific toothpaste and toothbrush, and aim to brush your dog’s teeth at least a few times a week.
Chew Toys and Dental Treats
Providing your dog with chew toys and dental treats can also help keep their mouth clean by scraping away plaque and tartar as they chew.
Frequently Asked Questions?
Can I get sick from letting my dog lick my face?
While the risk is generally low, it is possible to contract certain zoonotic diseases or develop infections from allowing your dog to lick your face, especially if you have open wounds or a compromised immune system.
Is it safe to let my dog lick my baby’s face?
It is generally not recommended to let your dog lick your baby’s face, as babies have weaker immune systems and are more susceptible to infections.
Can I catch cavities from my dog?
No, you cannot catch cavities from your dog. Cavities are caused by a specific type of bacteria called Streptococcus mutans, which is not typically found in a dog’s mouth.
Do I need to brush my dog’s teeth?
While brushing your dog’s teeth is not absolutely necessary, it is recommended as a way to help maintain good oral hygiene and prevent dental problems.
Can I use my own toothpaste to brush my dog’s teeth?
No, you should never use human toothpaste to brush your dog’s teeth. Human toothpaste contains ingredients that can be toxic to dogs if swallowed, such as fluoride and artificial sweeteners.
Conclusion
So, are dogs’ mouths clean? The answer is not a simple yes or no. While a dog’s mouth may not be as clean as the myth suggests, it’s also not as dirty as some people think. By understanding the types of bacteria present in a dog’s mouth and taking steps to maintain good oral hygiene, you can reduce the risks associated with letting your furry friend lick your face or open wounds.
Remember, it’s always a good idea to practice good hygiene and wash your face after letting your dog lick you, and to avoid letting them lick open wounds or areas where your skin is broken. With a little knowledge and precaution, you can enjoy the affection of your furry friend without putting your health at risk.
For more information on dog oral hygiene and tips for keeping your:
- “Bacterial Populations of Healthy Human and Canine Mouths Associated with Periodontal Health or Disease” (PLOS ONE Study): https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0086305
This study published in PLOS ONE compared the bacterial populations found in the mouths of humans and dogs, and it supports the claim that dogs have fewer types of bacteria in their mouths compared to humans, but they can still carry potentially harmful bacteria.
- “Is a Dog’s Mouth Cleaner Than a Human’s?” (American Kennel Club): https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/is-a-dogs-mouth-cleaner-than-a-humans/
This article from the American Kennel Club provides a comprehensive overview of the myth surrounding a dog’s “clean” mouth, including information on the enzymes found in dog saliva and the potential risks associated with dog saliva.